Vocabulary: Verbs and their prefixes #005
Core verb: STATI
There are two “families” of verbs related to stajati and stati.
Family 1
stajati, stati
stajati, stati
These are alternative and equivalent forms of imperfective (continuous, non-stop, repeated).
There is no perfective (one-off action) form.
Conjugation: ja stojim, stojiš, stoji, stojimo, stojite, stoje. Ja sam stajao/stajala.
Meanings: to be standing, to be upright, to stand on one’s feet.
(the current situation/circumstance) to stand, to hold, to be the way it is.
(statement, proposal, idea) to make sense.
to be the cost/price of something.
to fit, or to suit (clothing, accessories).
to be residing/dwelling (somewhere)
There is no perfective (one-off action) form.
Conjugation: ja stojim, stojiš, stoji, stojimo, stojite, stoje. Ja sam stajao/stajala.
Meanings: to be standing, to be upright, to stand on one’s feet.
(the current situation/circumstance) to stand, to hold, to be the way it is.
(statement, proposal, idea) to make sense.
to be the cost/price of something.
to fit, or to suit (clothing, accessories).
to be residing/dwelling (somewhere)
Example sentences:
Ne stoji blizu slika. Don’t stand (be standing) near the paintings.
Moramo stati rame uz rame. We must stand shoulder to shoulder.
Cijeli dan stojim na nogama. I’m (being) on my feet all day.
Djeca stoje u redu. The children are standing in line.
Na utakmici sutra, stat ću tri sata. At the match tomorrow, we will be standing for three hours.
Cijelo vrijeme sam stajao. I was standing the whole time.
Kako stvari stoje, nećemo moći otići sutra. As things stand, I won't be able to go out tomorrow.
Nisama to tako gledao, ali stoji. I didn’t see it that way, but it makes sense.
Ove cipele koštaju 100 eura. These shoes cost 100 euros.
Ta haljina ti dobro stoji. That dress suits you well.
Kad boravimo u Split, stojimo tu. When we stay in Split, we reside there.
Ne stoji blizu slika. Don’t stand (be standing) near the paintings.
Moramo stati rame uz rame. We must stand shoulder to shoulder.
Cijeli dan stojim na nogama. I’m (being) on my feet all day.
Djeca stoje u redu. The children are standing in line.
Na utakmici sutra, stat ću tri sata. At the match tomorrow, we will be standing for three hours.
Cijelo vrijeme sam stajao. I was standing the whole time.
Kako stvari stoje, nećemo moći otići sutra. As things stand, I won't be able to go out tomorrow.
Nisama to tako gledao, ali stoji. I didn’t see it that way, but it makes sense.
Ove cipele koštaju 100 eura. These shoes cost 100 euros.
Ta haljina ti dobro stoji. That dress suits you well.
Kad boravimo u Split, stojimo tu. When we stay in Split, we reside there.
Family 2
stajati (impf.)/stati (pf.)
stajati (impf.)/stati (pf.)
These verbs exist in pairs – one continous form (imperfective), and the other finished/non-continuous form (perfective). For each pair, the continuous form is the first one shown.
Their declensions have the following patterns, using stajati (impf.) and stati (pf.) as examples:
stajati: ja stajem, staješ, staje, stajemo, stajete, staju. Ja sam stajo/stajala.
stati: ja stanem, staneš, stane, stanemo, stanete, stanu, Ja sam stao/stala.
Their declensions have the following patterns, using stajati (impf.) and stati (pf.) as examples:
stajati: ja stajem, staješ, staje, stajemo, stajete, staju. Ja sam stajo/stajala.
stati: ja stanem, staneš, stane, stanemo, stanete, stanu, Ja sam stao/stala.
stajati/stati to come to a stop (movement), to cease (activity)
to be able to fit into, to have enough capacity (a specified space)
stajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Kad vlak je stajao, on je sišao. While the train was stopping, he got off/alighted.
Stajali su nijemi, bez riječi. They were standing silently, without a word.
U lift ne staje više od pet osoba. More than five people don’t fit in the elevator.
stati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Stani! Stop! Come to a stop!
Auto je stao. The car came to a halt.
Ona je stala ispred mene. She came to a stop in front of me.
Djeca su stala u red. The children lined up/came to a stop in line.
Kiša je stala. The rain stopped.
to be able to fit into, to have enough capacity (a specified space)
stajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Kad vlak je stajao, on je sišao. While the train was stopping, he got off/alighted.
Stajali su nijemi, bez riječi. They were standing silently, without a word.
U lift ne staje više od pet osoba. More than five people don’t fit in the elevator.
stati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Stani! Stop! Come to a stop!
Auto je stao. The car came to a halt.
Ona je stala ispred mene. She came to a stop in front of me.
Djeca su stala u red. The children lined up/came to a stop in line.
Kiša je stala. The rain stopped.
Derived words
stajanje (n. noun): the act of stopping. eg zabranjeno stajanje (traffic)
stajalište (n. noun): bus stop, standpoint/opinion. eg, njegovo stajalište o tom pitanju
stanje (n. noun): state, condition, situation. eg, zdravstveno stanje; trenutno stanje
postaja (f. noun): station. eg, policijska postaja; benzinska postaja
stalan/-na/-no/-ni/-ne/-na (adj.): permanent, constant, continuous. eg, stalna adresa; stalni posao
stajaći/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): standing (not sitting). eg, Tamo su stajaća mjesta.
stalno (adv.): constantly, continously, all the time. eg, Stalno kasnimo.
stajanje (n. noun): the act of stopping. eg zabranjeno stajanje (traffic)
stajalište (n. noun): bus stop, standpoint/opinion. eg, njegovo stajalište o tom pitanju
stanje (n. noun): state, condition, situation. eg, zdravstveno stanje; trenutno stanje
postaja (f. noun): station. eg, policijska postaja; benzinska postaja
stalan/-na/-no/-ni/-ne/-na (adj.): permanent, constant, continuous. eg, stalna adresa; stalni posao
stajaći/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): standing (not sitting). eg, Tamo su stajaća mjesta.
stalno (adv.): constantly, continously, all the time. eg, Stalno kasnimo.
postajati/postati to become, to turn into, to transform
postajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Vrijeme postaje hladnije. The weather is getting colder. [a process]
S vremenom postaješ strpljiviji. Over during) time you become more patient.
Ona postaje liječnica. She is becoming a doctor.
Snijeg postaje sve gušći. The snow is becoming more dense/heavier.
Tehnologija postaje sve važnija, i će postajati sve važnija i važnija u budućnosti.
Technology is becoming more important, and will be becoming more and more important in future.
Tijekom 90-ih, tehnologija je postajala sve važnija. During the 90s, technology was becoming more important.
postati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Postalo je hladnije. It became colder. [one time]
Postao je liječnik. He became a doctor.
Ona će postati liječnika. She will become a doctor.
Do 2000 g. promjene su postali vidljive. By 2000, the changes had become visible.
postajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Vrijeme postaje hladnije. The weather is getting colder. [a process]
S vremenom postaješ strpljiviji. Over during) time you become more patient.
Ona postaje liječnica. She is becoming a doctor.
Snijeg postaje sve gušći. The snow is becoming more dense/heavier.
Tehnologija postaje sve važnija, i će postajati sve važnija i važnija u budućnosti.
Technology is becoming more important, and will be becoming more and more important in future.
Tijekom 90-ih, tehnologija je postajala sve važnija. During the 90s, technology was becoming more important.
postati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Postalo je hladnije. It became colder. [one time]
Postao je liječnik. He became a doctor.
Ona će postati liječnika. She will become a doctor.
Do 2000 g. promjene su postali vidljive. By 2000, the changes had become visible.
Derived words
postajanje (n. noun): becoming, the process of change. eg, Postajanje učiteljem traje godinama.
postajući (adv.): while/by becoming. eg, Postajući svjesniji problema, promijenio je mišljenje.
postajanje (n. noun): becoming, the process of change. eg, Postajanje učiteljem traje godinama.
postajući (adv.): while/by becoming. eg, Postajući svjesniji problema, promijenio je mišljenje.
nastajati/nastati to come into existence, to originate, to be created, to emerge from, to develop, to take shape, to form, to be born (figuratively) – from nothing, unlike postati which refers to something created from something else.
nastajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Tako nastaju glasine. That’s how rumors arise.
Napetost nastaje polako. Tension is slowly developing.
Novi kvart nastaje na rubu grada. A new neighbourhood is arising on the edge of town.
Projekt je nastajao u teškim uvjetima. The project was being created under difficult conditions.
Projekt će nastajati za pet godina. The project will be in development for five years.
nastati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Problem je nastao iz nesporazuma. The problem arose from a misunderstanding.
Požar je nastao zbog kvara. The fire started because of a malfunction.
Ovdje je nastao novi kvart. A new neighborhood came into being here.
Gužva je nastala u nekoliko minuta. A crowd formed in minutes.
Nakon svađe nastala je tišina. After the argument, silence fell.
nastajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Tako nastaju glasine. That’s how rumors arise.
Napetost nastaje polako. Tension is slowly developing.
Novi kvart nastaje na rubu grada. A new neighbourhood is arising on the edge of town.
Projekt je nastajao u teškim uvjetima. The project was being created under difficult conditions.
Projekt će nastajati za pet godina. The project will be in development for five years.
nastati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Problem je nastao iz nesporazuma. The problem arose from a misunderstanding.
Požar je nastao zbog kvara. The fire started because of a malfunction.
Ovdje je nastao novi kvart. A new neighborhood came into being here.
Gužva je nastala u nekoliko minuta. A crowd formed in minutes.
Nakon svađe nastala je tišina. After the argument, silence fell.
Derived words
nastanak (m. noun): origin,formation creation. eg, Postoje različite teorije o nastanku života.
nastajanje (n. noun): coming into being, forming. eg, Gledali smo nastajanje leptira.
nastao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): created, emerged (past). eg, nastala šteta; nastali problemi
nastajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): emerging, forming, nascent (present). eg, Nastajuća kriza je ispred nas.
nastajući (adv.): while/by emerging …. eg, Nastajući na svijet …...
nastanak (m. noun): origin,formation creation. eg, Postoje različite teorije o nastanku života.
nastajanje (n. noun): coming into being, forming. eg, Gledali smo nastajanje leptira.
nastao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): created, emerged (past). eg, nastala šteta; nastali problemi
nastajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): emerging, forming, nascent (present). eg, Nastajuća kriza je ispred nas.
nastajući (adv.): while/by emerging …. eg, Nastajući na svijet …...
ostajati/ostati to remain, to stay on/behind, to stick around, to hang on, to be left
ostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Mi ostajemo. We are staying around/hanging on.
Djeca ostaju kod bake tijekom ljeta. The children stay with grandma during the summer.
Nakon sastanka, neka pitanja su ostajala After the meeting, some questions were still remaining (unanswered).
Situacija ostaje nepromijenjena. The situation remains unchanged.
Unatoč svemu, ostaju prijatelji. Despite everything, they remain friends (ongoing, now).
ostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Ostat ću kod kući večeras. I will stay home tonight.
Svi su otišli, a ja sam ostao. Everyone left, and I stayed on.
Neću ostati dugo. I won't stay long.
Grad je ostalo bez struje. The town was left without electricity.
Ostalo je još tri sata do ručka. Three more hours remain before lunch.
Unatoč svemu, ostali su prijatelji. Despite everything, they remained friends (at a time in the past).
Žuri li ćeš ostati bez torte. Hurry or you’ll be left with no cake.
ostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Mi ostajemo. We are staying around/hanging on.
Djeca ostaju kod bake tijekom ljeta. The children stay with grandma during the summer.
Nakon sastanka, neka pitanja su ostajala After the meeting, some questions were still remaining (unanswered).
Situacija ostaje nepromijenjena. The situation remains unchanged.
Unatoč svemu, ostaju prijatelji. Despite everything, they remain friends (ongoing, now).
ostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Ostat ću kod kući večeras. I will stay home tonight.
Svi su otišli, a ja sam ostao. Everyone left, and I stayed on.
Neću ostati dugo. I won't stay long.
Grad je ostalo bez struje. The town was left without electricity.
Ostalo je još tri sata do ručka. Three more hours remain before lunch.
Unatoč svemu, ostali su prijatelji. Despite everything, they remained friends (at a time in the past).
Žuri li ćeš ostati bez torte. Hurry or you’ll be left with no cake.
Derived words
ostatak (m. noun): remainder, rest, leftover. eg, Ostatak novca ćemo potrošiti sutra.
ostajanje (n. noun): act of staying/remaining. eg, Ostajanje kod kuće bila je dobra odluka.
ostao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): remaining, left. eg, Uzeo je ostali novac.
ostajući/-a/-e/-i/-e/-a (adj.): remaining, staying. eg, Ostajuća osoba je stara.
ostajući (adv.): while/by remaining. eg, Ostajući kod kuće, izbjegli smo gužvu.
ostatak (m. noun): remainder, rest, leftover. eg, Ostatak novca ćemo potrošiti sutra.
ostajanje (n. noun): act of staying/remaining. eg, Ostajanje kod kuće bila je dobra odluka.
ostao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): remaining, left. eg, Uzeo je ostali novac.
ostajući/-a/-e/-i/-e/-a (adj.): remaining, staying. eg, Ostajuća osoba je stara.
ostajući (adv.): while/by remaining. eg, Ostajući kod kuće, izbjegli smo gužvu.
preostajati/preostati
to remain/to be left over (after most has been used, taken, or removed)
[Focus is on how much/many is left at the end (contrast ostajati/ostati)]
preostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Vrijeme još preostaje. There is still time.
Preostaje nam samo čekati. All that remains for us is to wait.
Zadaci preostaju. There are tasks remaining.
Ako to ne uspije, preostaje druga mogućnost. If that doesn’t work, another option remains.
Nakon večere na restoranu, preostajat će nema novca. After dinner in the restaurant, there will be no money left.
preostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Preostalo je malo vremena. Only a little time remained.
Preostalo mi je još deset eura. I was left with ten euros. I had ten euros remaining.
Preostala su dva zadatka. There were two tasks left.
Do kraja ispita preostalo je deset minuta. Ten minutes remain until the end of the exam.
to remain/to be left over (after most has been used, taken, or removed)
[Focus is on how much/many is left at the end (contrast ostajati/ostati)]
preostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Vrijeme još preostaje. There is still time.
Preostaje nam samo čekati. All that remains for us is to wait.
Zadaci preostaju. There are tasks remaining.
Ako to ne uspije, preostaje druga mogućnost. If that doesn’t work, another option remains.
Nakon večere na restoranu, preostajat će nema novca. After dinner in the restaurant, there will be no money left.
preostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Preostalo je malo vremena. Only a little time remained.
Preostalo mi je još deset eura. I was left with ten euros. I had ten euros remaining.
Preostala su dva zadatka. There were two tasks left.
Do kraja ispita preostalo je deset minuta. Ten minutes remain until the end of the exam.
Derived words:
preostatak (m. noun): remaining part. eg, preostatak duga the remainder of the debt
preostao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): remaining. eg, preostali novac the remaining money
preostajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): remaining (process). eg, preostajući problemi su veliki.
preostajući (adv.): while/by remaining. eg, Preostajući bez novca, morali su se vratiti.
preostatak (m. noun): remaining part. eg, preostatak duga the remainder of the debt
preostao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): remaining. eg, preostali novac the remaining money
preostajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): remaining (process). eg, preostajući problemi su veliki.
preostajući (adv.): while/by remaining. eg, Preostajući bez novca, morali su se vratiti.
ustajati/ustati to stand up, to get up, to rise (from sitting or lying), to arise (fig.)
ustajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Ustajem u sedam svaki dan. I get up at seven o'clock every day.
Tijekom praznika ustajemo kasno. During holidays we get up late.
Bolesnik je teško ustajao iz kreveta. The patient was getting out of bed with difficulty.
Svaki put kad uđe profesor, svi ustaju. Every time the professor enters, everyone stands up.
Ustajao je i spremao se otići kad je zazvonio telefon. He was getting up, getting ready to leave when the phone rang.
Uvijek ustaje u obranu slabijih. He always stands up in defense of the weaker.
ustati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Ustala je iz kreveta i otišla u kuhinju. She got out of bed and went to the kitchen.
Svi su ustali kad je ušao profesor. Everyone stood up when the professor entered.
Ustat ću rano sutra. I’ll get up early tomorrow.
Publika je ustala i zapljeskala. The audience rose (stood) and applauded.
Narod je ustao protiv nepravde. The people rose up against injustice.
ustajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Ustajem u sedam svaki dan. I get up at seven o'clock every day.
Tijekom praznika ustajemo kasno. During holidays we get up late.
Bolesnik je teško ustajao iz kreveta. The patient was getting out of bed with difficulty.
Svaki put kad uđe profesor, svi ustaju. Every time the professor enters, everyone stands up.
Ustajao je i spremao se otići kad je zazvonio telefon. He was getting up, getting ready to leave when the phone rang.
Uvijek ustaje u obranu slabijih. He always stands up in defense of the weaker.
ustati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Ustala je iz kreveta i otišla u kuhinju. She got out of bed and went to the kitchen.
Svi su ustali kad je ušao profesor. Everyone stood up when the professor entered.
Ustat ću rano sutra. I’ll get up early tomorrow.
Publika je ustala i zapljeskala. The audience rose (stood) and applauded.
Narod je ustao protiv nepravde. The people rose up against injustice.
Derived words
ustajanje (n. noun): the action of getting up. eg, Ustajanje sa stolice je teško.
ustanak (m. noun): uprising, rebellion. eg, Ustanak je počeo u zoru.
ustanik (m. noun): rebel, insurgent. eg, Ustanici su zauzeli grad.
ustao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): standing. eg, Ustali ljudi su zapljeskali.
ustanički/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): rebellious. eg, Ustaničke snage napredovale su brzo.
ustajući (adv.): while getting up/rising. eg, Ustajući iz kreveta, pogledala je na sat.
ustajanje (n. noun): the action of getting up. eg, Ustajanje sa stolice je teško.
ustanak (m. noun): uprising, rebellion. eg, Ustanak je počeo u zoru.
ustanik (m. noun): rebel, insurgent. eg, Ustanici su zauzeli grad.
ustao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): standing. eg, Ustali ljudi su zapljeskali.
ustanički/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): rebellious. eg, Ustaničke snage napredovale su brzo.
ustajući (adv.): while getting up/rising. eg, Ustajući iz kreveta, pogledala je na sat.
sastajati se/sastati se to meet, to come together, to get together
sastajati se (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Sastajemo se svake srijede. We meet every Wednesday.
Dugo su se sastajali prije odluke. They were meeting for a long time before the decision.
Sastajali su se dok su planirali projekt. They were meeting while they were planning the project.
Na tom mjestu se rijeke sastaju. At that place, the rivers meet.
Potajno su se sastajali. They have been meeting secretly.
sastati se (perfective, finished/once-off)
Sastali smo se u centru. We met in the centre.
Ministri će se sastati sutra. The ministers will meet tomorrow.
Naše su se sudbine tu sastale. Our destinies met there.
sastajati se (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Sastajemo se svake srijede. We meet every Wednesday.
Dugo su se sastajali prije odluke. They were meeting for a long time before the decision.
Sastajali su se dok su planirali projekt. They were meeting while they were planning the project.
Na tom mjestu se rijeke sastaju. At that place, the rivers meet.
Potajno su se sastajali. They have been meeting secretly.
sastati se (perfective, finished/once-off)
Sastali smo se u centru. We met in the centre.
Ministri će se sastati sutra. The ministers will meet tomorrow.
Naše su se sudbine tu sastale. Our destinies met there.
Derived words
sastanak (m. noun): a meeting. eg, Sastanak je trajao dva sata.
sastajanje (n. noun): the act of having a meeting. eg, redovito sastajanje.
sastajući (adv.): while meeting. eg, Sastajući, odlučili su ……
sastanak (m. noun): a meeting. eg, Sastanak je trajao dva sata.
sastajanje (n. noun): the act of having a meeting. eg, redovito sastajanje.
sastajući (adv.): while meeting. eg, Sastajući, odlučili su ……
pristajati/pristati to agree, to consent to
to dock/land/stop at (ship, plane, vehicle, person arriving)
(impf. only) to suit, to look good.
pristajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Pristaješ li na ove uvjete? Are you in agreement with these terms?
Nikad ne pristajem na takve stvari. I never agree to such things.
Dugo su pristajali na te uvjete. They were in the process of accepting those terms for a long time.
Brod ovdje pristaje svaki dan. The ship docks here every day.
Šešir vam lijepo pristaje. The hat suits you well.
pristati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Pristao je na ponudu. He agreed to the offer.
Napokon su pristali na kompromis. They finally agreed to a compromise.
Pristao je pomoći. He agreed/consented to help.
Dugo se opirala, ali je pristala. She resisted for a long time, but then she agreed/gave in.
Brod je pristao u luku. The ship docked in the harbor.
Avion je pristao na pisti. The plane landed on the runway.
Možda će pristati na ponudu sutra. Perhaps they will consent to the offer tomorrow.
to dock/land/stop at (ship, plane, vehicle, person arriving)
(impf. only) to suit, to look good.
pristajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Pristaješ li na ove uvjete? Are you in agreement with these terms?
Nikad ne pristajem na takve stvari. I never agree to such things.
Dugo su pristajali na te uvjete. They were in the process of accepting those terms for a long time.
Brod ovdje pristaje svaki dan. The ship docks here every day.
Šešir vam lijepo pristaje. The hat suits you well.
pristati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Pristao je na ponudu. He agreed to the offer.
Napokon su pristali na kompromis. They finally agreed to a compromise.
Pristao je pomoći. He agreed/consented to help.
Dugo se opirala, ali je pristala. She resisted for a long time, but then she agreed/gave in.
Brod je pristao u luku. The ship docked in the harbor.
Avion je pristao na pisti. The plane landed on the runway.
Možda će pristati na ponudu sutra. Perhaps they will consent to the offer tomorrow.
Derived words
pristanak (m. noun): consent, agreement, approval. eg, Projekt je odobren uz njihov pristanak.
pristanište (n. noun): harbour, dock, landing place. eg, Trajekt je stigao u pristanište.
pristajanje (n. noun): the act of agreeing, or docking. eg, Pristajanje na kompromis trajalo je dugo..
pristajao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): agreed/consented. eg, Pristali uvjeti su navedeni.
pristajući (adv.): while agreeing. eg, Pristajući na uvjete, prihvatio su rizik.
pristanak (m. noun): consent, agreement, approval. eg, Projekt je odobren uz njihov pristanak.
pristanište (n. noun): harbour, dock, landing place. eg, Trajekt je stigao u pristanište.
pristajanje (n. noun): the act of agreeing, or docking. eg, Pristajanje na kompromis trajalo je dugo..
pristajao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): agreed/consented. eg, Pristali uvjeti su navedeni.
pristajući (adv.): while agreeing. eg, Pristajući na uvjete, prihvatio su rizik.
prestajati/prestati to stop, to cease, to quit, to cut off (some activity)
prestajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Bol polako prestaje. The pain is slowly going away.
Motor stalno prestaje raditi. The engine keeps stopping.
Prestajemo raditi u pet. We stop working at five. (as a general rule)
Bolest prestaje biti opasna. The disease is ceasing to be dangerous.
Kiša je prestajala kad smo stigli. The rain was stopping when we arrived.
prestati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Prestani to raditi! Stop doing that!
Buka je napokon prestala. The noise finally stopped.
Prestala je plakati. She stopped crying.
Motor je naglo prestao raditi. The engine suddenly stopped working.
Rat je napokon prestao. The war finally ended.
prestajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Bol polako prestaje. The pain is slowly going away.
Motor stalno prestaje raditi. The engine keeps stopping.
Prestajemo raditi u pet. We stop working at five. (as a general rule)
Bolest prestaje biti opasna. The disease is ceasing to be dangerous.
Kiša je prestajala kad smo stigli. The rain was stopping when we arrived.
prestati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Prestani to raditi! Stop doing that!
Buka je napokon prestala. The noise finally stopped.
Prestala je plakati. She stopped crying.
Motor je naglo prestao raditi. The engine suddenly stopped working.
Rat je napokon prestao. The war finally ended.
Derived words
prestanak (m. noun): end, cessation, termination. eg, Nakon prestanka kiše, izašli smo van.
prestajanje (n. noun): the process/act of ceasing. eg, Prestajanje pušenja nije lako.
prestao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.) the stopped/ceased. eg, Prestao rad nije opet počeo.
neprestan/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): continuous, unceasing. eg, Buka je bila neprestana.
prestajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): ceasing (ongoing). eg, Zahvalan sam za prestajuću buku.
prestajući (adv.): while/by ceasing. eg, Prestajući pušenje, on je umro.
prestanak (m. noun): end, cessation, termination. eg, Nakon prestanka kiše, izašli smo van.
prestajanje (n. noun): the process/act of ceasing. eg, Prestajanje pušenja nije lako.
prestao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.) the stopped/ceased. eg, Prestao rad nije opet počeo.
neprestan/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): continuous, unceasing. eg, Buka je bila neprestana.
prestajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): ceasing (ongoing). eg, Zahvalan sam za prestajuću buku.
prestajući (adv.): while/by ceasing. eg, Prestajući pušenje, on je umro.
zastajati/zastati to stop briefly, to pause
zastajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Često zastajem da se odmorim. I often stop briefly to rest.
Dok smo se penjali, stalno smo zastajali. While we were climbing, we kept stopping.
Pisao je i stalno zastajao da razmisli. He was writing and kept stopping to think.
Stalno zastaje kad treba donijeti odluku. He always hesitates when he needs to make a decision.
zastati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Zastala je na trenutak i pogledala me. She paused for a moment and looked at me.
Zastao je usred rečenice. He paused in the middle of the sentence.
Htio je nešto reći, ali je zastao. He wanted to say something, but hesitated.
Razvoj je na trenutak zastao. Development paused for a moment.
Zastala je da razmisli. She stopped to think.
zastajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Često zastajem da se odmorim. I often stop briefly to rest.
Dok smo se penjali, stalno smo zastajali. While we were climbing, we kept stopping.
Pisao je i stalno zastajao da razmisli. He was writing and kept stopping to think.
Stalno zastaje kad treba donijeti odluku. He always hesitates when he needs to make a decision.
zastati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Zastala je na trenutak i pogledala me. She paused for a moment and looked at me.
Zastao je usred rečenice. He paused in the middle of the sentence.
Htio je nešto reći, ali je zastao. He wanted to say something, but hesitated.
Razvoj je na trenutak zastao. Development paused for a moment.
Zastala je da razmisli. She stopped to think.
Related words
zastoj (m. noun): pause, stoppage, standstill, delay. eg, Došlo je do zastoja u prometu.
zastajanje (n. noun): the act of pausing/hesitating. eg, Zbog umora, njegovo zastajanje je postajalo sve češće.
zastao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): paused. eg, zastao govor
zastajući (adv.): while pausing. eg, Zastajući, okrenuo se i pogledao me.
zastoj (m. noun): pause, stoppage, standstill, delay. eg, Došlo je do zastoja u prometu.
zastajanje (n. noun): the act of pausing/hesitating. eg, Zbog umora, njegovo zastajanje je postajalo sve češće.
zastao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): paused. eg, zastao govor
zastajući (adv.): while pausing. eg, Zastajući, okrenuo se i pogledao me.
nestajati/nestati to disappear, to vanish, to cease to exist
nestajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Snijeg nestaje s planina. The snow is disappearing from the mountains.
Stari običaji nestaju. Old customs are ceasing to exist.
Internet često nestaje. The internet often goes out/disappears.
Magla je nestajala kad smo stigli. The fog was disappearing when we arrived.
Vrijeme nam nestaje. We’re running out of time.
nestati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Novac je nestao iz torbe. The money vanished from the bag.
Struje je nestalo. The electricity stopped (being).
Sve je nestalo u požaru. Everything in the fire was no more.
Strah je nestao. The fear is gone.
Ta tvrtka je nestala prije deset godina. That company ceased to exist ten years ago.
Nestao je bez traga. He disappeared without a trace.
Nestalo nam je vremena. We’ve run out of time.
nestajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Snijeg nestaje s planina. The snow is disappearing from the mountains.
Stari običaji nestaju. Old customs are ceasing to exist.
Internet često nestaje. The internet often goes out/disappears.
Magla je nestajala kad smo stigli. The fog was disappearing when we arrived.
Vrijeme nam nestaje. We’re running out of time.
nestati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Novac je nestao iz torbe. The money vanished from the bag.
Struje je nestalo. The electricity stopped (being).
Sve je nestalo u požaru. Everything in the fire was no more.
Strah je nestao. The fear is gone.
Ta tvrtka je nestala prije deset godina. That company ceased to exist ten years ago.
Nestao je bez traga. He disappeared without a trace.
Nestalo nam je vremena. We’ve run out of time.
Derived words
nestanak (m, noun): disappearance. eg, Došlo je do nestanka struje.
nestajanje (n. noun): the act of disappearing. eg, Nestajanje starih običaja je očito.
nestalica (f. noun): missing person, runaway. eg, On je poznata nestalica.
nestao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): gone, missing. eg, Policija traži nestalu osobu.
nestajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): disappearing, vanishing. eg, To je nestajući jezik.
nestajući (adv.): while going missing. eg, Nestajući, magla je otkrila planine.
nestanak (m, noun): disappearance. eg, Došlo je do nestanka struje.
nestajanje (n. noun): the act of disappearing. eg, Nestajanje starih običaja je očito.
nestalica (f. noun): missing person, runaway. eg, On je poznata nestalica.
nestao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): gone, missing. eg, Policija traži nestalu osobu.
nestajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): disappearing, vanishing. eg, To je nestajući jezik.
nestajući (adv.): while going missing. eg, Nestajući, magla je otkrila planine.
ponestajati/ponestati to to run out of, to be lacking, to no longer have enough
ponestajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Ponestaje nam goriva. We are running out of fuel.
Ponestajalo im je hrane. They were running out of food.
Ponestaje mu strpljenja. He is running out of patience.
U ovoj trgovini često ponestaje mlijeka. This shop often runs out of milk.
ponestati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Ponestalo je lijekova u bolnici. The hospital ran out of medicine.
Ponestalo je novca. The money ran out.
Ponestalo im je ideja. They ran out of ideas.
ponestajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Ponestaje nam goriva. We are running out of fuel.
Ponestajalo im je hrane. They were running out of food.
Ponestaje mu strpljenja. He is running out of patience.
U ovoj trgovini često ponestaje mlijeka. This shop often runs out of milk.
ponestati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Ponestalo je lijekova u bolnici. The hospital ran out of medicine.
Ponestalo je novca. The money ran out.
Ponestalo im je ideja. They ran out of ideas.
nedostajati (impf) to be lacking/missing, to not have enough of (something)
[nedostati (pf.) does not exist]
Nedostaje mi novca. I don’t have enough money.
Nedostaje jedan dokument. One document is missing.
Nedostaje jedna stranica u knjizi. One page is missing from the book.
Nedostaješ mi. I miss you.
Projektu nedostaje jasna strategija. The project lacks a clear strategy.
Ovom radu nešto nedostaje. This work is missing something.
[nedostati (pf.) does not exist]
Nedostaje mi novca. I don’t have enough money.
Nedostaje jedan dokument. One document is missing.
Nedostaje jedna stranica u knjizi. One page is missing from the book.
Nedostaješ mi. I miss you.
Projektu nedostaje jasna strategija. The project lacks a clear strategy.
Ovom radu nešto nedostaje. This work is missing something.
Derived words
nedostatak (m. noun): lack, shortage, deficiency. eg, Imamo ozbiljan nedostatak radne snage.
nedostatan/-na/-no/-ni/-ne/-na (adj.): insufficient. eg, Nije uspio radi nedostatne pripreme.
nedostatno (adv.): insufficiently. eg, Ona je nedostatno pripremila za ispit.
nedostatak (m. noun): lack, shortage, deficiency. eg, Imamo ozbiljan nedostatak radne snage.
nedostatan/-na/-no/-ni/-ne/-na (adj.): insufficient. eg, Nije uspio radi nedostatne pripreme.
nedostatno (adv.): insufficiently. eg, Ona je nedostatno pripremila za ispit.
odustajati/odustati to to give up, to quit, to abandon (an attempt, plan, idea)
odustajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Činilo se da odustaje. It seemed that he was giving up.
Odustajemo od plana. We are giving up on the plan.
Već je odustajao kad smo ga nazvali. He was already giving up when we called him.
Dugo je odustajao od te ideje. He was giving up on that idea for a long time.
Odustajali su zbog problema, ali ….. They were (in the process of) giving up, when …..
odustati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Odustao je od pušenja. He gave up smoking.
Nisam odustao. I didn’t give up.
Na kraju je odustao od te ideje. In the end he abandoned that idea.
Mnogi odustanu kad postane teško. Many people give up when it gets hard.
Tvrtka je odustala od tužbe u zadnji čas. The company withdrew the lawsuit at the last moment.
odustajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Činilo se da odustaje. It seemed that he was giving up.
Odustajemo od plana. We are giving up on the plan.
Već je odustajao kad smo ga nazvali. He was already giving up when we called him.
Dugo je odustajao od te ideje. He was giving up on that idea for a long time.
Odustajali su zbog problema, ali ….. They were (in the process of) giving up, when …..
odustati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Odustao je od pušenja. He gave up smoking.
Nisam odustao. I didn’t give up.
Na kraju je odustao od te ideje. In the end he abandoned that idea.
Mnogi odustanu kad postane teško. Many people give up when it gets hard.
Tvrtka je odustala od tužbe u zadnji čas. The company withdrew the lawsuit at the last moment.
Derived words
odustajanje (n. noun): the process of giving up. eg, Najavio je odustajanje od kandidature.
odustao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): withdrawn. eg, Odustali sudionici dobili su povrat novca.
odustajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): surrendering. eg, On uvijek ima odustajući pogled.
odustajući (adv.): while giving up, by giving up. eg, Odustajući od plana, promijenili su strategiju.
odustajanje (n. noun): the process of giving up. eg, Najavio je odustajanje od kandidature.
odustao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): withdrawn. eg, Odustali sudionici dobili su povrat novca.
odustajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): surrendering. eg, On uvijek ima odustajući pogled.
odustajući (adv.): while giving up, by giving up. eg, Odustajući od plana, promijenili su strategiju.
izostajati/izostati
to to fail to happen, to not occur, to be missing (when something was expected)
[contrast nestajati/nestati: disappearance of what did exist.]
izostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Napredak izostaje. Progress is not happening.
Rezultati izostaju. The (expected) results are not coming.
Često izostaje s posla. He is often absent from work.
Reakcija je izostajala. A reaction is not coming.
izostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Kiša je izostala cijelo ljeto. The rain failed to come all summer.
Rezultati su izostali. The results failed to materialize.
On je danas izostao s posla. He was absent from work today.
Isprika je izostala. The apology never came.
to to fail to happen, to not occur, to be missing (when something was expected)
[contrast nestajati/nestati: disappearance of what did exist.]
izostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Napredak izostaje. Progress is not happening.
Rezultati izostaju. The (expected) results are not coming.
Često izostaje s posla. He is often absent from work.
Reakcija je izostajala. A reaction is not coming.
izostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Kiša je izostala cijelo ljeto. The rain failed to come all summer.
Rezultati su izostali. The results failed to materialize.
On je danas izostao s posla. He was absent from work today.
Isprika je izostala. The apology never came.
Derived words
izostanak (m. noun): absence, failure to occur. eg, Izostanak odgovora nas je zabrinuo.
izostajanje (n. noun): ongoing absence. eg, Izostajanje napretka postalo je očito.
izostalo/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): the missing …. eg, Svi izostali učenici su dječaci.
izostajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): absent, missing. eg, Zabrinjavaju nas izostajući znakovi napretka.
izostajući (adv.): while/by failing to appear. eg, Izostajući s nastave, propustio je gradivo.
izostanak (m. noun): absence, failure to occur. eg, Izostanak odgovora nas je zabrinuo.
izostajanje (n. noun): ongoing absence. eg, Izostajanje napretka postalo je očito.
izostalo/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): the missing …. eg, Svi izostali učenici su dječaci.
izostajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): absent, missing. eg, Zabrinjavaju nas izostajući znakovi napretka.
izostajući (adv.): while/by failing to appear. eg, Izostajući s nastave, propustio je gradivo.
opstajati/opstati to survive, to endure, to continue to exist (despite circumstances)
[cf. preživjeti: to survive an event/incident]
opstajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Malo selo još uvijek opstaje. The small village still exists/survives.
Stari običaji nestaju, ali neki još opstaju. Old customs are disappearing, but some still survive.
Projekt jedva opstaje. The project is barely surviving.
Kako uopće opstaješ s tom plaćom? How do you even manage to survive on that salary?
Tvrtka je jedva opstajala tijekom krize. The company was barely surviving during the crisis.
opstati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Malo selo je opstalo unatoč ratu. The small village survived despite the war.
Tvrtka je jedva opstala tijekom krize. The company barely survived the crisis.
Nije sigurno hoće li projekt opstati. It’s not certain whether the project will survive.
Plan je opstao unatoč kritikama. The plan survived despite criticism.
Dogovor je opstao. The agreement held/remained in force.
[cf. preživjeti: to survive an event/incident]
opstajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Malo selo još uvijek opstaje. The small village still exists/survives.
Stari običaji nestaju, ali neki još opstaju. Old customs are disappearing, but some still survive.
Projekt jedva opstaje. The project is barely surviving.
Kako uopće opstaješ s tom plaćom? How do you even manage to survive on that salary?
Tvrtka je jedva opstajala tijekom krize. The company was barely surviving during the crisis.
opstati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Malo selo je opstalo unatoč ratu. The small village survived despite the war.
Tvrtka je jedva opstala tijekom krize. The company barely survived the crisis.
Nije sigurno hoće li projekt opstati. It’s not certain whether the project will survive.
Plan je opstao unatoč kritikama. The plan survived despite criticism.
Dogovor je opstao. The agreement held/remained in force.
Derived words
opstanak (m. noun): survival, continued existence. eg, Njihov opstanak ovisi o pomoći.
opstajanje (n. noun): process of survival. eg, Opstajanje na tržištu nije lako.
opstao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): that has survived. eg, To je opstala građevina iz tog doba.
opstajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): the surviving. eg, Članci opstajučeg kluba su stari.
opstajući (adv.): while/by surviving. eg, Opstajući u teškim uvjetima, postali su jači.
opstanak (m. noun): survival, continued existence. eg, Njihov opstanak ovisi o pomoći.
opstajanje (n. noun): process of survival. eg, Opstajanje na tržištu nije lako.
opstao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): that has survived. eg, To je opstala građevina iz tog doba.
opstajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.): the surviving. eg, Članci opstajučeg kluba su stari.
opstajući (adv.): while/by surviving. eg, Opstajući u teškim uvjetima, postali su jači.
posustajati/posustati
to weaken, to falter, to lose strength or momentum, to grow tired, to lag
posustajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Starac je polako posustajao od umora. The old man was gradually weakening from fatigue.
Očekivamo da če posustajati od umora sve više. We expect that he will be weakening from fatigue more.
Nismo smjeli posustajati pred problemima. We mustn’t lose heart in front of problems.
Borba nije posustajala. The fight did not let up.
Tijekom zime interes je polako posustajao. During the winter, interest was gradually fading.
posustati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Noge su mu posustale. His legs gave way.
Nije posustao unatoč problemima. He didn’t falter despite the problems.
Pritisak je konačno posustao. The pressure finally let up.
Nakon Božića, pritisak če posustati. After Christmas, the pressure will let up.
to weaken, to falter, to lose strength or momentum, to grow tired, to lag
posustajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Starac je polako posustajao od umora. The old man was gradually weakening from fatigue.
Očekivamo da če posustajati od umora sve više. We expect that he will be weakening from fatigue more.
Nismo smjeli posustajati pred problemima. We mustn’t lose heart in front of problems.
Borba nije posustajala. The fight did not let up.
Tijekom zime interes je polako posustajao. During the winter, interest was gradually fading.
posustati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Noge su mu posustale. His legs gave way.
Nije posustao unatoč problemima. He didn’t falter despite the problems.
Pritisak je konačno posustao. The pressure finally let up.
Nakon Božića, pritisak če posustati. After Christmas, the pressure will let up.
Derived words
posutajanje (n. noun): (process of) faltering. eg, Pokazao je znakove posustajanja.
posustao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): faltering. eg, Govorio je posustalim glasom.
posustajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.) weakening,faltering. eg, He felt the weakening resistance.
posustajući (adv.): while/by falering. eg, Posustajući, nastavio je hodati.
posutajanje (n. noun): (process of) faltering. eg, Pokazao je znakove posustajanja.
posustao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): faltering. eg, Govorio je posustalim glasom.
posustajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj.) weakening,faltering. eg, He felt the weakening resistance.
posustajući (adv.): while/by falering. eg, Posustajući, nastavio je hodati.
zaostajati/zaostati to lag behind, to fall behind, to be behind, to trail
zaostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Ako zaostaješ, pomoći ćemo te. If you are falling behind, we’ll help you.
Stariji su zaostajali dok smo se penjali. The older people were falling behind while we were climbing.
Projekt zaostaje. The project is falling behind.
Ova škola zaostaje po rezultatima. This school lags behind in results.
Momčad je počela zaostajati u drugom poluvremenu. The team started falling behind in the second half.
zaostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Zaostao je za grupom. He fell behind the group.
Zaostali smo s poslom. We fell behind with the work.
Ne smijemo zaostati s našim planiranjem. We must not fall behind with our planning.
zaostajati (imperfective, continuous/repeating)
Ako zaostaješ, pomoći ćemo te. If you are falling behind, we’ll help you.
Stariji su zaostajali dok smo se penjali. The older people were falling behind while we were climbing.
Projekt zaostaje. The project is falling behind.
Ova škola zaostaje po rezultatima. This school lags behind in results.
Momčad je počela zaostajati u drugom poluvremenu. The team started falling behind in the second half.
zaostati (perfective, finished/once-off)
Zaostao je za grupom. He fell behind the group.
Zaostali smo s poslom. We fell behind with the work.
Ne smijemo zaostati s našim planiranjem. We must not fall behind with our planning.
Derived words
zaostatak (m. noun): backlog, arrears. eg, Imam veliki zaostatak s poslom.
zaostajanje (n. noun): the act of lagging. eg, Zaostajanje za konkurencijom postaje problem.
zaostao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): lagging. eg, Moramo riješiti zaostale obaveze.
zaostajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj): those lagging. eg, Zaostajući studenti moraju više studirati.
zaostajući (adv.): while/by lagging … eg, Zaostajući, izgubio je samopouzdanje.
zaostatak (m. noun): backlog, arrears. eg, Imam veliki zaostatak s poslom.
zaostajanje (n. noun): the act of lagging. eg, Zaostajanje za konkurencijom postaje problem.
zaostao/-ala/-alo/-ali/-ale/-ala (adj.): lagging. eg, Moramo riješiti zaostale obaveze.
zaostajući/-a/-o/-i/-e/-a (adj): those lagging. eg, Zaostajući studenti moraju više studirati.
zaostajući (adv.): while/by lagging … eg, Zaostajući, izgubio je samopouzdanje.